In the United States, licenses are typically issued by state agencies, whereas certifications are usually awarded by professional societies or educational institutes. Ĭertification is different from professional licensure. Certifications are very common in fields such as aviation, construction, technology, environment, and other industrial sectors, as well as healthcare, business, real estate, and finance.Īccording to The Guide to National Professional Certification Programs (1997) by Phillip Barnhart, "certifications are portable, since they do not depend on one company's definition of a certain job" and they provide potential employers with "an impartial, third-party endorsement of an individual's professional knowledge and experience". Certificate programs are often created or endorsed by professional associations, but are typically completely independent from membership organizations. Many certification programs are affiliated with professional associations, trade organizations, or private vendors interested in raising industry standards.
Renewal usually requires ongoing education to remain up-to-date on advancements in the field, evidenced by earning the specified number of continuing education credits (CECs), or continuing education units (CEUs), from approved professional development courses. Most certifications are time-limited some expire after a period of time (e.g., the lifetime of a product that required certification for use), while others can be renewed indefinitely as long as certain requirements are met. They are granted by authorities in the field, such as professional societies and universities, or by private certificate-granting agencies.
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